Understanding cyber security is crucial, even if you’re not a tech expert. This blog post will explain eight important cyber security terms using simple language and real-world examples.
Malware
Malware is software designed to damage your computer or steal your data. It can spread through infected email attachments, compromised websites, or malicious ads.
In 2017, the “WannaCry” malware infected hundreds of thousands of computers worldwide. It locked people’s files and demanded ransom payments in exchange for the decryption key.
Phishing
Phishing is a trick used by cybercriminals to get you to reveal sensitive information. They often send fake emails or messages that appear to be from legitimate sources, tricking you into clicking on a link or downloading an attachment.
In 2020, hackers used phishing to trick Twitter employees into giving them access to high-profile accounts. The hackers then used these accounts to post fake tweets, scamming people out of money.
Ransomware
Ransomware is a type of malware that locks your files and demands a payment to unlock them. It can spread through phishing emails, infected attachments, or compromised websites.
In 2024, the “Black Basta” ransomware attack affected Ascension Health Care at 140 hospitals nationwide. It disrupted healthcare operations and threatened the health and safety of countless patients.
Social Engineering
Social engineering involves manipulating people into sharing confidential information or taking actions that harm security. Attackers may impersonate trusted individuals or exploit human emotions to trick their victims.
In 2016, hackers used social engineering to trick Democratic National Committee employees into revealing their login details. This led to a major email leak that had significant political consequences.
Adware
Adware is software that displays unwanted ads on your computer. It can slow down your device, invade your privacy, and even lead to the installation of more harmful malware.
In 2020, the “NewTab” adware campaign infected over 28 million web browsers. It generated millions in revenue for the attackers by displaying intrusive ads and redirecting users to malicious websites.
Botnet
A botnet is a network of infected computers controlled by a cybercriminal. These computers, often called “zombies,” can be used to launch attacks, distribute spam, or steal data.
In 2016, the “Mirai” botnet attacked the internet company Dyn, causing major website outages for Twitter, Netflix, and Amazon. The attack was carried out using a network of infected Internet of Things (IoT) devices.
Zero-Day Exploit
A zero-day exploit is a software weakness that is unknown to the software maker and has no fix available. Hackers can exploit these vulnerabilities to gain unauthorized access to systems and data.
In 2021, hackers used zero-day exploits in Microsoft Exchange Server to access email accounts and install malware on thousands of systems worldwide. The attack had a significant impact on businesses and organizations.
Brute Force Attack
A brute force attack is a method of guessing passwords by trying every possible combination until the correct one is found. Hackers often use automated tools to carry out these attacks.
In 2019, hackers used brute force attacks to gain access to over 160,000 Nintendo user accounts. They used these accounts to make unauthorized purchases and access personal information.
By understanding what these terms mean and how they can impact our digital lives, we can better protect ourselves from falling victim to cyber crimes.
To stay safe, it’s essential to be cautious online, keep your software up-to-date, use strong passwords, and be wary of unsolicited communications.
Remember, cyber security is everyone’s responsibility. By staying informed and proactive, you can significantly reduce your risk of becoming a victim of cyber crime. Don’t wait until it’s too late – start prioritizing your digital safety today.